MDA20009 Digital communities

  Public health campaigns and communities What is digital health？ https://images.app.goo.gl/QdtVmecLpPprPpSJ8 Digital health uses information and communication technology in medicine and other professions to control disease and health risks and promote healthy development (Fda, 2020). Digital health encompasses a wide range of applications, including wearable devices, mobile health, telehealth, Health Information Technology, and telemedicine (Bernstein,2021) According to PewResearch (2021), the development of social media platforms has also led to the emergence of an "online health public," with approximately 83% of internet users looking for health information online. Social media, including healthcare, has negatively impacted many aspects of human society. Moorhead et al. ( 2013) mentioned that "social media brings a new dimension to health care because it allows the public, patients, and doctors to communicate about health issues and potentially improve health outcome...

    What is crowdsourcing https://images.app.goo.gl/dVivS7jn2AMbsk2V6 The concept of "crowdsourcing" arose from corporate interests and software development, but its meaning and context have since expanded. According to Merriam-Webster (2014), crowdsourcing is "the technique of getting needed services, ideas, or content by asking for contributions from a large group of individuals, typically an online community, rather than through traditional employees or suppliers." Crowdsourcing in times of crisis Natural catastrophes are frequently unforeseen and can result in significant losses of life and property. Social and technological advancements have contributed to more effective responses to disasters (Tavra et al., 2021), as contemporary, sturdy, and intelligent decision-making mechanisms permit more precise answers and quicker action. For example, during the 2011 Queensland floods and the 2009 Black Saturday bushfires, emergency services in Australia used social medi...

  Trolling and social media conflict Image source:https://images.app.goo.gl/qRFvArrD3k2QW1Wh6 The concept commonly referred to as "digital citizenship" aims to kerb problematic or unusual forms of participation in the online environment. (Hartley, 2012, p.136). Digital citizenship is often related to ethical conduct in an online territory. It revolves around the dissonance between the "formal" and "substantive" elements that make up citizenship, between its "relational status" (mutual obligations) and its "personal identity"(personal characteristics)', as well as how this relates to the"formal" and "substantive" elements that make citizenship. McCosker (2014) points out that this is particularly relevant in terms of the actions, obligations, and behaviours of the"online public". https://images.app.goo.gl/gBiaYotii34EYDdLA " Troll " is internet slang for someone who deliberately tries to stir u...

Activism and protest image resource：https://images.app.goo.gl/cBRLgESyzNUfxJo37 Using digital tools (internet, mobile phones, social media, etc.) to bring about social or political change is referred to as "digital activism"（ Ozkula，2021）. Since 2004, the introduction and rapid growth of social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter have promoted digital activism because entire campaigns can be run online (sometimes with little to no offline component) and still have a broad reach (Rees, 2013). Civic culture is defined as "those aspects of the socio-cultural world which serve as preconditions for a person's participation in public life and politics" (Dahlgren 2009, p. 104). Civic engagement is facilitated, prepared, and defined by the media, but it is equally driven by external and internal factors, inspiring and driving civic agency. As a result, online activism has often been described as either 'clicktivism' or, worse, "slacktivism," perce...